Showing posts with label Nitinol. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Nitinol. Show all posts
Friday, May 29, 2015
Nitinol Memory Metal Engine – A Free Energy System? | VIDEO
Editor's note: CNN’s science editor, Kevin Sanders visits the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and talks with Nobel prize winner, physicist Edwin McMillan about the amazing properties of Nitinol, and its use in so-called heat engines–FW
Friday, February 07, 2014
Roswell’s Memory Metal: The Secret Experiments in Space
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Are highly classified experiments on “memory metal” that was inspired by the UFO crash debris found at Roswell being conducted in space? Is there an off-Earth effort to learn more about morphing materials? Could the advantages of such technology now be seen in space vehicles developed by the very Air Force base where the crash material was taken in 1947? Decades after the famous UFO crash, are they returning the material to whence in came –outer space- to learn more about it and to use it in our own spacecraft?
Investigation indicates that the answer to these questions is yes.
NASA has long conducted government, private and academic sponsored experiments that take advantage of the microgravity or reduced-gravity environments of outer space. Things behave differently in space and such basic research could yield untold technical advances in the future. Experiments are conducted on space shuttles, space stations, rockets, payload satellites and specially modified jets. They include experiments involving biology and biotechnology, physics and physical sciences. Through investigation into the possibility that “black experiments” have been conducted on Roswell-like material much is learned:
• A senior-level NASA scientist specializing in Morphing Metal studies admits that such Shape Memory Alloys (similar to those reported as UFO debris at Roswell in 1947) were probably taken into space for testing. This scientist also agreed that such tests could likely be classified secret.“Memory Metal” or a moving metal is the shape of things to come. Material that remembers its original form (technically Shape Memory Alloy) was first reported by witnesses to debris from a crashed UFO near Roswell, NM in 1947. No one in the general public had ever before described such a thing. Shape-recovery metal like Nitinol is a distinctly post-Roswellian concept. Never before Roswell had anyone talked of material that instantly undergoes such a change in form and character. In prior articles this author has described how the crash material was flown to Wright Patterson/Field and how that base began to let contracts for memory metal research to organizations like Battelle Memorial Institute. The characteristics of this intermetallic material from space showed that it had to have been made in space. And only NASA could take the composite to the cosmos.
• The very base where the memory metal from Roswell was flown (Wright Patterson) has developed and deployed space arrays and spacecraft control mechanisms that are based on Roswell-inspired “smart structure” materials technology.
• Although the crash material was composed of elements found on Earth, it was impossible to fabricate such material on Earth. In space, without the burden of gravity, metals with remarkable properties can be made.
• NASA’s history of lying about UFOs and space experiments that are deemed “sensitive” is documented here. It also explains why the answers to what tests they have conducted in space on memory metal may never be fully known.
Why Take It To Space?
I do not believe the Roswell debris material itself was ever taken to space for experimentation, as this would present significant risk. But it is possible that alloys that represent our best efforts at replicating the material (i.e. Nitinol) may have been. The reasons why such materials would be taken up into the zero-g/ reduced gravity environment of space using NASA’s microgravity chambers are multiple. The “miscibility” (or ability for two different metals to “mix” to create an alloy) is likely greatly enhanced. There could be desirable changes in the microstructures of such “super-alloys made in space” that would yield greater material strength, hardness or purity. Such new fabrication-in-space possibilities could provide advances in “adaptive” materials that are “intelligent.”
A Clue From NASA's Manager for Morphing
.jpg "Anna McGowan") |
| Anna McGowan, NASA former Morphing Project Manager |
AB: “Do know if Shape Memory Alloys such as Nitinol have ever been taken into space by NASA for testing in micro-gravity chambers?”Although range of materials testing in space occurs on NASA vehicles, one would think that the person who led Morphing Projects for NASA would know if such space tests occurred on memory metal.
AM: “I would think so, yes. I can’t be certain though. Let me give you the name of a Langley media information officer that may be able to help.”
When McGowan was asked,
AB: “Do you think that any of the testing on morphing metals in space could or would be classified experiments?”
McGowan replied coyly:
AM: “Well, if we talk about it, it wouldn’t be classified would it?”
When I queried the Langley Information Officer Kathy Barstorff that McGowan had referred me to, I asked of her the same question I asked of McGowan:
“Do you think that any of the testing on morphing metals in space could or would be classified experiments?”She replied precisely with the words that McGowan herself had used. The Langley media officer said,
“Well, if we talk about it, it wouldn’t be classified would it?”I told her that what she said are the exact words used by McGowan to me when I asked her the same question. I said that this sounded like a rehearsed line that you had both been trained to say. She did not disagree.
Weeks-long inquiries have been made of NASA by this author on whether such memory metal tests were ever conducted. Despite contacting multiple branches of the agency and reaching out to those who should know, nobody from NASA has been able to definitively tell me. FOIA are now being filed by this author compelling an answer. But as detailed below, NASA is an agency that has deliberately lied and obfuscated when it comes to any probe of the agency’s involvement in certain sensitive subject areas.
An NSA Letter and Two Generals Speak of Roswell Metals ‘Special Processsing’
According to Greg Bishop, author of the book Project Beta, the National Security Agency confided by letter to the late Paul Bennewitz (a physicist, founder of a scientific instrumentation company and controversial UFO investigator) that early Space Shuttle experiments tested Titanium alloys in efforts to replicate the debris found at Roswell. {The Bennewitz story is long and complex, but it does appear that he happened on extremely sensitive aerial and atmospheric black budget R&D projects at Kirtland Air Force Base. His company is located at the border of the base. It also appears that both Air Force Intelligence and the NSA viewed this as a national security threat – and both agencies played “games” with Bennewitz, ultimately comprising his mental health.}
Bishop quotes from a letter to Bennewitz by his unnamed “NSA handler” dated December 11, 1985 about a Titanium super alloy and secret experiments on UFO debris in space on the Space Shuttle:
“The special alloy was forwarded to Wright Patterson AFB for analysis. With the then (1947) technology, the composition was known (an aluminum/Titanium composite of unknown fabrication techniques) but the method of achieving the alloy was a complete mystery. The advent of the electron microscope heralded a new wave of discovery. This alloy was porous and differed from any known metallic alloy to date. It was impossible to fabricate on Earth. But here it was. It was theorized that this new “super alloy” might be fabricated in a zero-g environment. With no gravitational influence, elements of grossly differing atomic masses might possibly be alloyed for the first time. Early Space Shuttle experiments proved this theory, and the resultant alloy was unbelievably tough and porous. Absorbing radar and other electronic emissions to an amazing degree.”There is a theme of thought that the UFO debris was comprised of known metals or elements, but made by unknown fabrication methods or unusual processing.
The late General Arthur Exon, former Base Commander of Wright Patterson Air Force Base in the 1960s, confided on tape in the 1990s to researcher Kevin Randle information about the Roswell debris. He told Randle that he understood that some of the UFO debris was comprised “of Titanium and another metal that they knew about and the processing was somehow different.” Titanium is the key metal upon which shape memory alloys such as Nitinol are based.
Another General, George Schulgen (who led Air Force Intelligence at the time of the Roswell incident) authored a secret draft memo four months after the crash. In the section to his officers about UFOs entitled “Materials of Construction” Shulgen too notes such UFO material would be made by “unusual fabrication method.”
Is this “special materials fabrication” and “unusual processing” that the Roswell-involved General’s speak of one that is space-based?
Wright Patterson Takes the Memory Metal Back to Space
The Roswell crash material was shown by testimony and documentation (including an FBI memo) to have been transported to Wright Field. This author has demonstrated in a series of six prior articles that in the months following the crash, Wright contracted Battelle Memorial Institute to study memory metal and develop unique Titanium alloy phase diagrams (or “recipes” to make alloys.) For the next 20 years, Wright sponsored memory metal research with other organizations.
It has also been learned that Wright Patterson Air Force Research Lab (AFRL) has developed spacecraft components comprised of memory metal (Nitinol) and has launched these unique morphing systems into space. For decades Wright Patterson’s AFRL has been engaged in developing memory-metal based spacecraft systems. The very base that took in the memory metal from Roswell has used the technology to its advantage at least three demonstrable times with three little-discussed launched spacecraft:
• The MIghtSat /FalconSat is a small spacecraft satellite vehicle developed by AFRL to test advanced technologies in imaging, communications and spacecraft “bus components” in space. Launched in 2000 with a two year mission, a deep technical literature search reveals reference to the MightSat being released in space by memory metal. The device is referred to as the “AFRL Shape Memory Release Device” and its acronym is revealed as SMARD (or Shape Memory Alloy Release Device.)
•In July, 1997 Wright’s AFRL-developed Lightweight Flexible Solar Array (LFSA) was launched into space. Technical reference is found of a “Shape Memory Alloy Hinge” design and AFRL’s creation of the memory metal device in concert with NASA, DARPA and Lockheed Martin. It incorporated very thin pieces of Nitinol. These strips served as ultra-flexible devices on which the craft’s attached parts could turn, pivot, swing or interlock.
•A current Wright memory metal mission in space is the Rosetta Landing Craft. Wright’s research labs worked with the European Space Agency on a spacecraft whose mission is to be the first to orbit and land on a comet. The comet-chasing craft, it has been found cited in the literature, is equipped with a “Shape Memory Gas Release Mechanism,” a specialized memory metal valve.
NASA’s History of Lies About UFOs and Space Experiments
Two very disturbing documents have been uncovered by this author that confirm that the subject of UFO’s and secret experiments in space conducted by NASA were never to be discussed by its personnel.
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| Larry Ross, Former Director of NASA Lewis Research Center |
This NASA document instructs government employees to:Wolpe wrote to NASA Administrator Richard H. Truly about his find. Truly would only indicate that he had “concerns” about this document.
1. Rewrite and even destroy documents 'to minimize adverse impact.'
2. Mix up documents and camouflage handwriting so that the documents’ significance would be 'less meaningful.'
3. Take steps to 'enhance the utility' of various FOIA exemptions."
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| Paul Hill, NASA Flight Director |
“I was prevented from making any pronouncements about the application of my UFO work by NASA officials. I had been instructed by superiors in official channels that my name could not be used in connection in any way that would implicate NASA with these objects.”He continued,
“Clearly, I was destined to remain as unidentified as the flying objects.”
The Geller Information
Feel what one might about the reported psychic Uri Geller but one thing is historic truth:
In the early 1970s Geller was tested by the US government for his psychic abilities. In an email exchange with this author four years ago Geller indicated to me that he was made to try to “bend” the memory metal Nitinol (in the shape of a wire, placed in a vacuum) with the projection of psychic energy. Present at this experiment was Dr. Frederick Wang (the “co-inventor” of Nitinol) and scientists from NASA. Specifically, Geller told me, that it was NASA Goddard personnel in attendance. It turns out that Goddard operates a little-mentioned laboratory in Greenbelt, MD called the “Materials Engineering Branch.” This Goddard lab is linked to work in microgravity space experimentation and has developed advanced materials such as nano-tubes and high performance composites.
The Hidden Meaning of Morphing
Morphing metal is the key to the UFO mystery. Morphing metal may well be the stuff from which today's often-seen "morphing UFOs" are made. Such materials of construction may help to explain the "shape-shifting" craft. And it is likely that similar material accounts for some of the debris that was found at the crash at Roswell.
But there is an even deeper meaning to memory metal. It is found within the Morph. It represents "the potential for change." Such material reflects the value of adaptation. Without it, life ceases. The best material adapts itself to best suit its environment. The shape-memory qualities of the Roswell debris speak to the metal's "remembrance" of a malleable and ever-changing Universe.
See Also:
Roswell’s Memory Metal: The Air Force Comments; NASA Gets Involved & New Clues Are Found
Roswell 'Memory Metal' Back Engineered?
THE FINAL SECRETS OF ROSWELL'S MEMORY METAL REVEALED
Roswell and Nitinol, the Memory-Metal: A Rejoinder by Nick Redfern
ROSWELL METAL SCIENTIST: THE CURIOUS DR. CROSS
SCIENTIST ADMITS TO STUDY
OF ROSWELL CRASH DEBRIS!
(Confirmed by FOIA Document)
ROSWELL DEBRIS CONFIRMED AS EXTRATERRESTRIAL:
Lab Located, Scientists Named!
SHARE YOUR UFO EXPERIENCE
Tuesday, July 10, 2012
ROSWELL: Battelle Scientist Confesses To UFO Crash Debris Analysis
| Tweet |  |
ROSWELL DEBRIS CONFIRMED AS EXTRATERRESTRIAL:
Lab Located, Scientists Named!
By Anthony Bragalia
© 5-26-09/2012
The documents suggest that after the crash, the US government attempted to develop a unique material that is today referred to as memory metal. This shape-recovery alloy was reported by several witnesses to the Roswell crash in the summer of 1947. The lightweight "morphing" material was able to be crumpled or deformed and then return itself instantly and seamlessly to its original state. The metallurgical discoveries that resulted from these studies were then "seeded" for further technology development to other government agencies (including NASA) and through a series of military contracts to universities and industry.
WRIGHT PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE
&
THE BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
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Recently obtained documents reveal that these studies for Wright Patterson were conducted at Battelle under the direction of Dr. Howard C. Cross. In the late 1940's, H.C Cross was Battelle's expert scientist in exotic metallurgy and Titanium alloy research.
Curiously –although he was a research metallurgist- Cross was also Battelle’s "point person" in later studies on UFOs that Battelle conducted in the early 1950's for the U.S. Air Force's official UFO study, Project Bluebook. Cross is likely an author of Project Bluebook's still-missing Report Number 13. He is also the author of a strange letter from Battelle to Wright Patterson known as "The Pentacle" memo. Dr. Cross' historic role will be detailed in a forthcoming article.
Founded in 1929, Battelle is engaged in research, development and commercialization of technological innovation. They specialize in materials science and engineering, life sciences, energy science and national security. Battelle contract operates many of our country's National Laboratories. This includes some of the U.S.'s most sensitive installations such as Oak Ridge, Lawrence Livermore and Brookhaven laboratories. Battelle is headquartered in proximity to Wright Patterson- and remains one of the nation's leading defense contractors. Their metallurgical capabilities and technical talent continue to be recognized as world-class.
Wednesday, August 03, 2011
Roswell’s Memory Metal: The Air Force Comments; NASA Gets Involved & New Clues Are Found
The “memory metal” debris found at the UFO crash site at Roswell in 1947 was both the conceptual and the technical impetus for today’s “Shape Memory Alloys” or “Morphing Metals” such as Nitinol. The Roswell debris was analyzed by Battelle Memorial Institute in the late 1940’s under a Wright-Patterson Air Force contract. These historical truths were established in a years-long (and continuing) investigation which has been detailed in the second edition of the book Witness to Roswell and which has been updated, expanded upon and defended in the following articles:
Roswell Debris Confirmed as Extraterrestrial: Lab Located, Scientists NamedNow this author reveals for the first time:
Roswell Metal Scientist: The Curious Dr. Cross
The Final Secrets of Roswell’s Memory Metal Revealed
Scientist Admits to Study of Roswell Crash Debris
Roswell, Battelle & Memory Metal: The New Revelations
- - NASA’s extraordinary and telling interest in morphing metals research and why this is so
- The US Air Force’s opinion on the Roswell-Nitinol Connection
- The reason that the memory metal is the vital clue to the solution to both the Roswell crash and the entire UFO mystery
- Further insight into the astounding history, significance and “meaning” of the memory metal
NASA and The Memory Metal
The official “co-inventor” of Nitinol shape memory alloy at the US Naval Labs (along with Fred Wang) was William Buehler. In an authorized Oral History, Buehler complained that after his “discovery” that is was the space agency NASA that “independently retained Battelle” to “conduct further characterization studies” on Nitinol.
And this makes complete sense. The memory metal was inspired by the materials of construction from a spacecraft found at Roswell. This means that the material must have application in aerospace. And indeed it does. Today, NASA itself plans to apply the material in its most revolutionary and technologically advanced craft ever developed. And even more incredibly, the memory metal itself may hold the clue to “Free Energy” and interstellar propulsion using Nitinol Heat Engines! Recent research confirms that Roswell’s memory metal is going back into space, the Outer Space from which it originated.
NASA’s Langley Research Center in VA is key to this endeavor. Its Center for Excellence in Materials is working feverishly on Shape Changing aircraft. The following video demonstrates this fact- and that they want to transfer this technology to industry:
Dr. Anna McGowan is NASA’s Program Director for Morphing Materials. She is a champion of such materials because they “allow change from one configuration to another.” In a recent interview (that did not mention potential Roswell-impetus) McGowan expanded on these themes.
She states that this “change” can have real-world applications in the development of advanced spacecraft. By having shape-changing craft, one can control drag reduction, load reduction, noise reduction and the control of sensors and actuators using such material. Most importantly, such material may one day be used as the basis for a “self-healing spacecraft skin” which can repair itself. Such morphing allows the craft to “remember” prior configurations or “remember” itself for future function. When the material can morph, the shape of the craft can be changed to best suit the environment in which it traverses. And such a material can “self-disguise” aircraft and spacecraft- allowing it to “confuse” onlookers.
McGowan participated in a workshop in France in 2007 entitled “Aerospace Workshop on Adaptive Aerospace Structures and Materials” She explains that emphasis should be placed on the range of potential Shape Memory materials such as alloys, polymers and composite constructions. Of course the debris at Roswell was described as “like both metal and plastic (polymer)” by several witnesses. And incredibly, General George Schulgen (in a Secret Memo composed just months after the Roswell crash) wrote to select staff on the potential “Items of Construction” of UFOs that they were likely of “composite construction.”
McGowan then goes on to say that specific attention must be applied to the extreme challenges of “processing and fabrication” of such materials. In this same Secret Memo from General Schulgen in 1947 he speaks specifically of UFO material being made “by unusual fabrication methods.” General Arthur Exon, Base Commander of Wright Patterson in the 1960s (who was Roswell-aware) commented to author Kevin Randle of the debris that he had learned that “the processing of the material was somehow different.”
Sixty four years after the Roswell crash, the US government is still grappling with the challenges of Nitinol and Shape Memory. Although engineers and scientists have conducted countless studies, have composed numerous white papers and have diagrammed and micro-photographed such material for decades, the precise mechanisms behind “material that remembers itself” has yet to be fully understood.
NASA has a long history of conducting materials science and engineering experiments in space. Many of these studies remain classified. This author has reason to believe that NASA took Nitinol into space for secret experimentation. Emerging information indicates that it was placed in specialized testing chambers during the Space Shuttle and Space Station missions in the 1990s. The weightlessness and gravity-free environment of Outer Space may have revealed clues to the “strange fabrication and processing” as well as insight into just how and why material can “morph.” More on this will be reported in a future article.
Finally, Nitinol -or morphing memory metals- may hold the clue to cosmic propulsion and potentially infinite energy. NASA (and other government entities including the US Naval Labs in MD where Nitinol was “invented”) have been quietly working on “Nitinol Heat Engines.” Work on such engines as to date been largely theoretical. In the video below, the basic principles of such a Nitinol Heat Engine are showed in model-scale:
By using dual hot water/cold water chambers and a unique pulley system, the Nitinol wire’s precise cycle of continuous shrinkage and expansion makes the “water wheel” spin perpetually in motion.
However this author has learned that NASA has been working on Nitinol Engines for space propulsion for over 20 years! A December 1, 1988 document (declassified and entitled “Direct Conversion Technology”) features a chapter beginning on Page 29, “Thermoelastic Convertors-Nitinol Engines.” Though the report is generated by the US Department of Energy (interestingly authored by a scientist from EG&G, a company recently Roswell-implicated) the report is not a DOE report. Buried within the document we learn that this work was done “through an agreement with NASA” and that “the work herein was performed by NASA.”
The US Air force Responds to The Roswell-Nitinol Claims
This author has heard from a former US Air Force official about the Roswell-Memory Metal scenario. Colonel Richard Weaver is the author of the official Air Force’s 1994 debunking report “The Roswell Report: Case Closed.” He contacted me on April 27th, 2011 in reply to my email to him. Weaver held several high-level roles in intelligence (and in disinformation operations) with the USAF and he now heads a corporate security consulting firm. He commented at some length on my Roswell memory metal “angle” :
“Very interesting material, Mr. Bragalia. And you have obviously done a great deal of research on this particular topic, to which I must confess that I am almost totally ignorant.” Weaver continues by explaining to me that he never thought to thoroughly investigate the reports of memory metal found at Roswell: “Until actually looking up those terms (Nitinol, shape memory) in Google/Wikipedia, I had no previous knowledge of them… I was though aware of various claims made by Jesse Marcel, Jr. and others about and amazing material that sprung back to its original shape after having been wadded up.”
I asked Weaver if he had ever examined any of the National Laboratories (like Sandia) or its contract-operators (like Battelle Memorial Institute) for “clues” during his Roswell investigation. If there was material recovered from the site, it makes absolute sense that such material would be analyzed by such labs. Weaver admits the government’s failure to do so:
“We had no charter or authority to examine any records stored or maintained by any of the National Laboratories- that would have been up to the GAO.” Weaver excuses their neglect in doing so by saying: “Their purpose was to search for existing records …and not conduct an investigation of every claim that has been made concerning the event.”
This author is convinced that had the GAO and USAF Roswell investigations were more genuinely “investigative” – to include examining the records and talking to the former employees of our National Laboratories- that the Roswell mystery would have been long-solved. I asked Weaver if he knew then what he does now about this Roswell avenue of investigation what he would think about Nitinol. He responded:
“Based upon the descriptions that I have found for the material ‘Nitinol’, I would say that the foil-like material used in the Rawin targets (of Project Mogul), while flexible, did not meet the description of the characteristics for the alloy Nitinol.”
Weaver still believes that the Roswell crash was resultant from an errant Project Mogul balloon. But he clearly finds this information fascinating and that it was “reasonable research upon which reasonable men can disagree.”
Other Historical Mentions of "UFO Memory Metal"
There are in fact other (though very rare) mentions of such memory metal in the historical UFO literature that this author has uncovered:
Researcher Leonard Stringfield wrote in a book in 1978 called “Situation Red” of such a report. He recounts the story of MD in Argentina who said that he had encountered a landed UFO in 1950. Stringfield writes, “He was also amazed at the skin of the saucer, which was metallic in appearance, but had a ‘rubbery’ feel to it.” Researcher Coral Lorenzon tells of the same incident in his 1966 “Flying Saucers: The Startling Evidence” and says that the Doctor “said that the disk appeared metallic but had the resilience of rubber.” Of course the skin of the alien spacecraft sounds suspiciously like what was reported at Roswell, having the power to return to its original form or position after being bent, compressed or stressed.
Although a more “esoteric” story, in 1957 Cynthia Appleton of Birmingham, UK reported an encounter that she had with an alien presence. This report is recounted online and in the UFO literature. Cynthia asked the “presence” why there were visiting our Earth. She got the reply that “We have to visit your world to obtain something of which we are running out.” When she later attempted to recall the name of the material they wanted to recover, she thought that they might have said “Titium” (tite-ee-um). When she told her husband this, who knew his way around metals, he replied “You mean Titanium.” Of course “Titanium” is one of the two essential elements need to create the memory metal Nitinol. And when researcher Kevin Randle asked General Arthur Exon of Wright Patterson what metal/s were used in the Roswell debris, Exon specifically referred to Titanium.
Former engineer Ralph Ring claims in an online video interview that consciousness and morphing metal have a great deal to do with interstellar travel. Ring was associated with the very controversial inventor Otis T. Carr in the late 1950s. Carr was, in this author’s opinion, a self-taught scientist who was onto great discoveries but who was also an “over-claimer,” greedy and alcoholic. Carr made attempts at the development of an interstellar spacecraft utilizing electro-magnetic and electro-gravity propulsion concepts. He even constructed several prototypes. Engineer Ring states that when they powered up the craft, Carr counseled them to achieve a certain pre-arranged “mental state.” As the power wound up and they achieved they desired “state” Ring said, “The metal turned to rubber and it was resilient to the touch.” He says that it was like “rubber metal.” There is an amazing parallel to this story, one that is verified: In the early 1970s the US Navy Labs’ Fred Wang (co-inventor of Nitinol) tested a psychic’s ability to bend or morph Nitinol using mental energy.
Memory Metal's "Meaning" To UFOs
What material could be better for an interstellar vehicle that one that could provide its own energy source, disguise itself at will, work in all environments and be able to heal itself when compromised? Perhaps there is “Intelligent Material” of which the UFO is made that is so “malleable” that it may be able to change state, allowing for interstellar travel. Morphing is key to cosmic transport. The craft’s material must be eminently adaptable, changing and restructuring itself at the crystalline and molecular levels- and likely even at the interdimensional level. It may be both physical and paraphysical. Though the craft are comprised of elements and are comprised of ‘material’ - they are also ‘amorphous’ and in some way must manipulate time and space. So the material must be able to “change up” instantly and at will. It must morph. Here we see in the video below an example of a morphing UFO. This is a stabilized version of the video. Though some believe it to be of balloons, I do not think so- and there are countless (and increasing) examples of such craft in our skies beyond this video, whatever one may think of it:
Why The Very "Idea" of Memory Metal Helps Prove Roswell
The Roswell memory metal revelations have been met with the gamut of responses from far and wide. But it is one, simple, small post that was made on an online discussion group related to unexplained mysteries that gave me pause. This individual made an extraordinarily perceptive comment on that site and it has stuck with me. Its beauty is in its simplicity:
“When you have a number of people from different locations of the country identifying the exact same exotic properties of the materials recovered from New Mexico, then there is no room left for claims of ‘active imaginations’ because these folks were all singing to the same tune of the exotic nature of the materials, which were not known at the time, and were alien to mankind.”
In other words, they described a material with such unusual properties years before such material became known to the general public (or would even have been invented!) The very fact that many credible first-hand witnesses recounted a remarkable metal that would “remember itself” is in and of itself remarkable. Not only was such a material never even speculated on (even in cartoons) in 1947- most people today in 2011 would have no idea what you were talking about! Remember that even Colonel Richard Weaver of the USAF himself told me that he had never even heard of Nitinol or Shape Memory alloys in his life before my articles! Well then how would 80+ year old Roswell witnesses know about Nitinol? Even if they were recounting it in 1980? What would even possess such elderly and rural people in the first place to conceive of such an idea as “morphing metal”? What would even make them think of such a thing unless it did not actually happen? What would instill such a novel idea as “moving metal” into so many different people –separated now by time, years and distance- had they not seen it? It simply makes no sense whatsoever. In fact, I strongly suspect that if one were to conduct a national poll of US adults, far less than a half-percent would have ever heard of Nitinol- or be able to in any way define “shape recovery.”
Material is Not Immutable
There is of course a far “deeper” meaning to the memory metal. It is found within the illusive intricacies of the “morph” itself- the one that scientists toil today to understand. Such material represents the potential for change and the need for intelligent adaptation. Without it, life ceases.And more concretely, we live in an ever-changing Universe. In order to traverse it, the material we use to do so must be able to “change” as well. If galactic flight exists, matter must not be immutable. It must be able to change state- and then “remember” its original form. It must morph. Our linear thinking makes it difficult to conceive of such “malleable matter” - which is why our very mind’s relationship with matter must change if we are to ever enter the Interstellar Age.
Wednesday, August 19, 2009
USAF Docs No Longer Missing
By Billy Cox
De Void
8-17-09
De Void
8-17-09
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With a nudge from De Void’s FOIA request, the Air Force has located and released long-withheld research papers on its investigation into the bonding properties of titanium with other metals. They contain at least one unanticipated blurb. But what it means ain’t exactly clear.Those records — generated by Battelle Memorial Insitute on contract with Wright-Patterson AFB in 1949 and initially designated for “Limited” distribution — couldn’t be found just four months ago by archivists at either facility. Slugged “Second Progress Report on Contract AF33 (038)-3736,” the 60-plus pages forwarded to De Void had evidently been languishing at the Defense Technical Information Center in Fort Belvoir, Va. Roughly 30 percent of the docs are still unaccounted for, due to more than 50 years’ worth of film-storage deterioration cited by DTIC.
And obviously, a Second Progress Report implies the existence of a a First. Hopefully, another FOIA will resolve this little mystery.
The missing papers were noted this spring by Sarasota researcher Tony Bragalia, who contributed a sizeable appendix to the “Witness To Roswell” (Thomas Carey and Donald Schmitt, New Page Books), a sad and sobering retrospective on the intimidation tactics aimed at those who participated in recovery operations.
Bragalia was following up on remarks made by the late retired USAF general Arthur Exon in a 1991 book, “UFO Crash at Roswell.” Exon was a junior officer at WPAFB in 1947 when military cleanup crews allegedly shipped spacecraft debris there. He went on to become base commander in 1964.
Exon never saw the stuff, but he stated that parts of the wreckage — some of which was described as a foil-like material that flattened into its original shape after being wadded up — had indeed been forwarded to Wright-Pat. “It was titanium and some other sort of metal they knew about,” he said, “and the processing was somehow different.”
Bragalia wanted to establish a paper trail between Nitinol — an amazing memory-retention alloy of nickel and titanium officially produced by the Naval Ordnance Laboratory half a century ago — and the Roswell incident. That would be a major coup, given the links between memory metals and future NASA technologies.
Among other places, Bragalia’s journey led him to the name of E.J. Center, a research chemist at Battelle from 1939-57 who died in 1991. The following year, former Battelle employee Dr. Irena Scott was told by a mutual friend that Center, in 1960, said he’d been tasked to evaluate “unique metal” that he understood to be Roswell debris, samples of which were impressed with incomprehensible glyph “writing.”
Center apparently said little more, and the anecdote can be easily dismissed as hearsay.
What’s interesting is how Center co-authored a subsection in the “Second Progress Report” titled “Analytical Methods for Titanium-Base Alloys.” His name hadn’t turned up in any of the indexed references to the heretofore missing papers.
Maybe it’s coincidental, and downright unsurprising that a man in his field should be part of team investigating cutting-edge technologies. Either way, what’s clear in the “Progress Report” is that two years after Roswell, Battelle scientists were working intensely to exploit the elasticity of new alloys.
Bragalia’s analysis of this latest development is worth a look. It won’t resolve anything, and objections to the circumstantial case he continues to pursue will surely be debated. And that’s the whole point.
Tuesday, August 18, 2009
SCIENTIST ADMITS TO STUDY
OF ROSWELL CRASH DEBRIS!
(Confirmed by FOIA Document)
By Anthony Bragalia
The UFO Iconoclast(s)
8-16-09
A research study that has recently been obtained through FOIA offers stunning confirmation that Wright-Patterson Air Force base contracted Battelle Memorial Institute to analyze material from a crashed UFO at Roswell in 1947. Remarkably, the co-author of this very metals study is the same scientist who decades ago had confessed that he had examined extraterrestrial metal from a crashed UFO while he was a research scientist at Battelle! This just-received document also reveals that another one of its metallurgist authors reported directly to a Battelle scientist who was conducting secret UFO studies for the USAF. It appears that the study represents first-ever attempts in creating highly novel and advanced Titanium alloys. Some of these alloys were later associated with the development of "memory metal" of the type reported as crash debris at Roswell.The UFO Iconoclast(s)
8-16-09
This 1949 Battelle research study had never before been publicly available until earlier this month. Its release was compelled under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA.) It was sought because references to it had been found as footnotes within later military-sponsored studies on shape-memory alloys such as Nitinol. It was previously believed to be "missing" because both Battelle and Wright historians were unable to locate it. Earlier research had revealed a paper trail that led from Roswell to Wright Patterson, to the doors of Battelle- and to this 1949 study.
Once received, investigators were astounded to learn that the sought study was in fact co-authored by none other than Elroy John Center. Center was a Battelle scientist who -in June of 1960- had privately related that he had analyzed metal from a fallen UFO when he was at the Institute. Citations that had been found to this Battelle report had not listed Center as a co-author. When the report was finally received, Center was revealed to be an "et al" or "and others" author of the study. Center's story about examining ET debris was first publicly told in 1992. But it was not known that Center was the co-author of this Battelle study until it was obtained under FOIA in August of 2009!
It was previously determined that Battelle (which operates six U.S. National Laboratories) was a likely organization to have analyzed such material. Founded in 1929, Battelle remains a major research and defense contracting organization.
Some of the crash metal at Roswell was reported by several credible witnesses to have had "shape memory" characteristics. When crumpled, this "morphing" metal returned immediately and seamlessly to its original form. Shape recovery metals ("memory metals") are today emerging as a technology with applications for use in everything from eyeglass frames to spacecraft. An intense review of this subject (reported in an earlier three-part series on the UFO Iconoclasts website) proved very revealing:
Nitinol (a lightweight Nickel-Titanium alloy that is the "Cadillac" of memory metals) finds its history in late 1940s metallurgical work at Battelle- in studies that were contracted by Wright Patterson in the months immediately following the Roswell crash.
- A metals expert at Battelle during the time -Dr. Howard C. Cross- was leading a dual life secretly researching UFOs for government agencies while at the same time directing top-secret Titanium alloy studies. It was found that Cross "seeded" Titanium alloy studies to the US Navy Lab- where Nitinol was later "discovered."
- Titanium alloy was named as part of the composition of the Roswell memory metal according to General Arthur Exon, Wright's one-time Base Commander. Exon also referred to the material's unique "processing" and that the "reports" on the metal "were still around." Exon spoke of "chemical analysis, compression tests and flexing." These were the precise tests found to have been conducted on Titanium alloys in the Battelle report received though FOIA.
- General George Schulgen (who led Intelligence at the Pentagon at the time of the crash) issued a formerly secret memo -just weeks after Roswell- informing his officers that the saucers may be made with materials "of composite construction" that used "various combinations of metals" and that were fabricated by "unusual methods" to achieve "extreme lightweight." Schulgen's memo was written just one week prior to the issuance of the Battelle report!
- Major discrepancies in the "official" history of Nitinol were identified. Although Nitinol may not be the "actual" Roswell debris, its development and inspiration was found from material discovered crashed at Roswell in 1947.
- Citations to this 1949 Battelle report were found (as buried footnotes) within four military-sponsored studies. All of these studies related to shape-recovery or "memory metal" development. This includes a report authored by Dr. Fred Wang, the purported "co-inventor" of Nitinol in the 1960s at the US Navy Lab. Nitinol is comprised of Nickel and Titanium, and much of this 1949 report concerns itself with alloying these two metals. Wang was later discovered to have been involved in bizarre "mind over matter" experiments to see if Nitinol could be morphed using the mind's energy.
TITLE PAGE OF THE BATTELLE 1949 REPORTThe study's full title is "Second Progress Report Covering the Period September 1 to October 21, 1949 on Research and Development on Titanium Alloys Contract No. 33 (038)-3736." It is authored by "Simmons, C.W.; Greenidge, C.T., Craighead, C.M. and others." The Battelle report was completed for Wright Patterson Air Materiel Command.
The citations to this Second Progress Report were found in later military-sponsored studies on shape-memory metal development. They list the authors of this report as C.M. Craighead, F. Fawn and L.W. Eastwood. However, it was learned from reading the report that the citations to it were actually listing the authors of a subsection of the report- not the authors that are listed above, in the study's main title. This subsection (to which the later shape-memory metal studies refer) relates to a Nickel-Titanium Phase Diagram- that is required to make Nitinol!
Elroy John Center (who confessed to UFO debris analysis) is not listed among the study authors shown in the report title. He is rather, one of the "other" authors- as indicated in the study's title. The report's title identifies the three primary authors- and then follows with the phrase "and others." The technical subsection of the report that Elroy Center authored is very revealing, as are many sections found within the study:
TITLE OF ELROY CENTER'S SECTION OF BATTELLE REPORTEXCEPTIONALLY PURE TITANIUM IS NEEDED TO MAKE NITINOL MEMORY METAL
Center's section in the report (on page 97) is especially telling. General Exon spoke of the Roswell material as having undergone chemical analysis. Center was a Chemical engineer and his section of this report details chemical analysis to detect and quantify metal impurities. It is entitled "Analytical Methods for the Titanium Base Alloy." Titanium must be of ultra-high purity to be used for shape-memory metal applications. Center concentrates on detection of Oxygen in Titanium, a challenge faced when creating the memory metal Nitinol.
Center was a Senior Research Chemist who worked for Battelle from 1939-1957 in materials sciences. University of Michigan alumni files and other papers that he authored while at Battelle confirm his employment and position. Originally from Hibbing, MN, Center received a BS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1939.Dr. Irena Scott (a former employee of both Battelle and the Defense Intelligence Agency) had known of Elroy Center's connection to ET metal analysis years before this Battelle report was released. She had even related Center's confession to MUFON, a civilian UFO research organization, as reported in a 1992 Ohio MUFON journal. But Center's name was not known to be associated with the Battelle 1949 metals report until it was received this month under FOIA.
In May of 1992, Dr. Scott talked to a mutual acquaintance who told her that in June of 1960 Center had privately related to him something very disturbing. Center had told his friend that while he was a Research Chemist at Battelle he was directed by his superiors to provide technical assistance on a strange project. He was to conduct evaluation of an unknown material that he was told was retrieved some time prior from a crashed "flying saucer." He said that the debris -like the Roswell debris- had highly unusual hieroglyphic-like markings. Center then stopped short and said nothing more. Center passed in 1991. Center's family confirms his intense interest in UFO study and in the extraterrestrial, including while at Battelle. Additional information confirming Center's involvement is now being developed and will soon be released.
Although this story was known publicly as early as 1992, no one knew that Elroy Center was a co-author of a Battelle report for Wright Patterson that has long been suspected to be associated with Roswell memory metal debris analysis! The likelihood of a story about Center examining UFO debris when at Battelle- and then 17 years later discovering for the first time that he was the very scientist who had co-authored the suspect 1949 Battelle report- cannot be mere coincidence. Of the thousands of reports and employees that Battelle has had over the years- it could not be coincidence that it would be that very report -and that very scientist- that would be associated with the debris analysis- years later!
Receipt of the Battelle report was challenging. Historians at both Battelle and Wright Patterson were unable to locate this Second Progress Report- even though they saw the same citations and footnotes to it that we did. This was why the report itself had been previously characterized in past articles by this author as "missing."
It was then decided that a FOIA request must be filed to secure the document. It required filing two FOIA requests, a reminder telephone call and the passage of 10 weeks. The report was subjected to official review for release by the office of the Secretary of the Air Force. It is now known that the document was previously restricted to viewing by authorized DoD (Department of Defense) personnel, despite the passage of over 60 years! According to the Air Force, the report was finally found in archives of the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) of DoD. The report was received through FOIA with portions of it missing. About 30% of the 119 pages are not included. Many are not numbered. The Air Force offers the explanation that this is due to document age, illegibility or the inability to reproduce certain parts of the report.
We learn on Page 96 in the subsection of the report, "Investigation of Melting Titanium," that Battelle scientist L.W. Eastwood was examining ways to optimize the melting of Titanium to the greatest efficiencies possible. Effectively melting Titanium is required to make Nitinol memory metal. It appears that Battelle possessed an advanced arc furnace that Wright did not.
Incredibly, this very same scientist -LW Eastwood- reported to Battelle's UFO researcher for the USAF- Dr. Howard C. Cross! Eastwood and Cross were also frequent co-authors of technical treatises. Cross was not only a chief metallurgist at Battelle in the late 1940s and 1950s- he was at the same time a secret US government agency UFO investigator! Cross authored large sections of early Project Blue Book reports and was consulted by many agencies about UFO events. His story is told more completely in an article archived on UFO Iconclasts- "Roswell Metal Scientist: The Curious Dr. Cross." Cross had direct connections to government-sponsored UFO studies with such agencies as the USAF, NACA- the predecessor organization to NASA, the CIA and with U.S. Navy Intelligence. He was also the author of the controversial letter to Wright-Patterson on UFOs known in research circles as the "Pentacle Memo."
On Page 65 we find the section, "Evaluation of Experimental Titanium-Base Alloys" by C.M. Craighead, F. Fawn and L.W. Eastwood. On the next page we find a Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Phase Diagram. This is the first military-sponsored study to create a "recipe" for mixing the two metals that comprise Nitinol memory metal. Citations to this are found buried as footnotes in four military-sponsored published later. All of these studies citing this diagram relate to the subject of shape recovery memory metal.
The report reveals an intense and sudden effort to conduct first-ever research on purified Titanium alloyed with other metals. As mentioned earlier, General Exon speaks to "Titanium" and "another metal" and that "the processing was different" when describing the composition of the Roswell debris. General Schulgen's memo (written one week prior to this Battelle metals report) speaks to UFOs whose "items of construction" are specially fabricated composites, using a variety of metals and possessing extreme light weight.
Pages 82-85 of the document reveal an interest in the properties of Titatium-Zirconium or TiZr. In a study contracted by Wright-Patterson in 1965 to NYU, this 1949 Battelle report is cited by footnote. The subject of the NYU report, entitled "On the System Titanium-Zirconium," is on the shape-memory potential of TiZr!
On Page 95 the document reveals a technical chart showing first-ever research in such areas as "Elongation," and "Minimum Bend Radius" of various advanced Titanium alloys. This indicates that they were closely examining elasticity, malleability and tensile strengths of newly created, high-purity Titanium alloys, including Nickel-Titanium, required to make Nitinol.
No reference whatsoever to what must surely exist- a First Progress Report- is made in this 1949 Battelle Second Progress Report for Wright. What does the First Progress Report contain? Why is there no reference to it in the literature- or even within the FOIA-obtained Second Progress Report? Without a title, date or the authors' names, it is proving very difficult to locate this First Report.
A MOON WALKER'S CLUES ABOUT BATTELLE AND UFOS
The Battelle-Roswell Connection is further established in a telling statement made many years ago by a Man Who Walked on the Moon. Dr. Edgar Mitchell, the sixth man on the Moon, has recently made some very public, supportive statements about the reality of Roswell. But in 1996, Dr. Mitchell provided clues to reporter Billy Cox about who kept the UFO secret:"The information is now held primarily with a body of semi- or quasi- private organizations that have kind of spun-off from the military intelligence organizations of the past. There have been private groups involved with the issue for a number of years because they have the expertise." Breaking down Dr. Mitchell's sparse statement we can correlate that:
- Battelle is a "semi or quasi private organization"
- Battelle was "spun off from the military intelligence organizations of the past." {In fact, it has recently been learned that Battelle's Director at the time of the Roswell crash was Clyde Williams. Williams was at the same time serving on the government's Research and Development Board- and as Trustee of the Rand Corporation. Williams worked at the R&D Board with Dr. Eric Walker and Dr. Robert Sarbacher- both of whom later indicated their personal knowledge of the crash event! Other documents show that Williams had an intense personal interest in advanced Titanium alloy development.}
- Battelle is shown to have been "involved in the issue for a number of years." It is now acknowledged that Battelle played a significant role as a contractor to Project Blue Book and to other official govenment UFO studies.
- Battelle scientists -like Cross and Center- certainly had the needed "expertise" to analyze such things.
Battelle (like its think-tank cousin RAND Corporation) is an organization that is part of the "military industrial complex" of which a former General, President Eisenhower warned we should make sure remains in check. With this investigation, we have done what the General ordered.
BATTELLE AND ET SCIENCE
Battelle's historic involvement in applying our science to understanding extraterrestrial science is no longer hidden. The truth is now revealed. Battelle Memorial Institute analyzed the materials of construction of a crashed craft from another world.
* Special Thanks To Tony Bragalia & Rich Reynolds
More . . .
See Also:
ROSWELL METAL SCIENTIST: THE CURIOUS DR. CROSS
ROSWELL DEBRIS CONFIRMED AS EXTRATERRESTRIAL:
Lab Located, Scientists Named!
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