Showing posts with label MIT. Show all posts
Showing posts with label MIT. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 19, 2017

Robot Cheetahs and The Post-Nuclear Disaster in Fukushima | VIDEO

Bookmark and Share

Robot Cheetah

     The latest version of MIT’s Cheetah robot made its stage debut today at TC Sessions: Robotics in Cambridge, Mass. It’s a familiar project to anyone who follows the industry with any sort of regularity, as one of the most impressive demos to come out of one of the
By Brian Heater
techcrunch.com
7-17-17
world’s foremost robotics schools in recent years. Earlier versions of the four-legged robot have been able to run at speeds up to 14 miles an hour, bound over objects autonomously and even respond to questions with Alexa, by way of an Echo Dot mounted on its back.

The Cheetah 3, however, marks a kind of philosophical change for the robot created by professor Sang-bae Kim and his team at MIT’s Biomimetics lab. The focus has shifted from impressive demos to something more practical — this time out, the team is focused on giving the world a robot that can perform search and rescue.

“Our vision changed to wanting to use this in a real situation, to dispatch it to Fukushima,” Kim told TechCrunch ahead of the event. ...

Thursday, December 10, 2015

SUPER VISION: Wi-FI Tech sees Humans Through Walls | MIT – VIDEO

Bookmark and Share

SUPER VISION: Wi-FI Tech sees Humans Through Walls | MIT

By CBS
12-9-15

     [...] Researchers at MIT are developing a new promising technology that can detect people through walls using Wi-Fi. [...]

Saturday, September 20, 2014

Next Generation Spacesuit like Second Skin

Bookmark and Share

Next Generation Spacesuit like Second Skin

Next Generation Spacesuit like Second Skin


By Jenna Iacurci
www.natureworldnews.com
9-19-14

     Scientists from MIT have designed a next-generation spacesuit that acts practically as a second skin, and could revolutionize the way future astronauts travel into space.

Astronauts are used to climbing into conventional bulky, gas-pressurized spacesuits, but this new design could allow them to travel in style. Soon they may don a lightweight, skintight and stretchy garment lined with tiny, muscle-like coils. Essentially the new suit acts like a giant piece of shrink-wrap, in which the coils contract and tighten when plugged into a power supply, thereby creating a "second skin." . . .

Friday, August 22, 2014

An Astrophysicist On The Hunt For Aliens

Bookmark and Share

Sara Seager An Astrophysicist in Search of E.T.

By online.wsj.com
8-21-14
Sara Seager of MIT thinks we could be able to detect life on other planets in just 20 years

      Sara Seager, an astrophysicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is on the hunt for aliens. She thinks we might be able to find them within the next 20 years. In a new report in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, she argues that we may soon have the capability to detect life on other planets, a realization she calls "The Awakening."

She admits that she's excited. "Sometimes the anticipation of something rivals the actual discovery," she says in an energetic staccato in her office overlooking the Charles River in Cambridge. "Just the excitement that we can actually do it is phenomenal."

But she doesn't think we'll be chatting with extraterrestrials any time soon, and carefully qualifies her predictions. Those alien life-forms would need to be relatively close to our solar system, she says, and would need to fit particular criteria. "If there's some weird type of underground life, or if life is like a computer that doesn't give off a gas, we're not going to see it," she concedes. What we will detect, she says, with the help of improved telescopes and devices, is the gas that life as we know it emits.

Prof. Seager, 43, thinks there's something out there, "just by the sheer numbers of planets," she says. "Every astronomer knows that every star out there has at least one planet, and we have over 100 billion stars in the galaxy, and upward of hundreds of billions of galaxies in our universe." . . .

Friday, December 20, 2013

Probability of Alien Life Determined By Exoplanet's Mass?


Bookmark and Share

Probability of Alien Life Determined By Exoplanet's Mass?

Mass of Alien Planet Key Clue to Probability of Life

By www.dailygalaxy.com
12-20-13

     To date, scientists have confirmed the existence of more than 900 exoplanets circulating outside our solar system. To determine if any of these far-off worlds are habitable requires knowing an exoplanet’s mass — which can help tell scientists whether the planet is made of gas or rock and other life-supporting materials.

“Knowing the mass is a very important piece of the puzzle,” says Mark Swain, a research scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “If you found the composition of the planet was almost certainly solid, that required a significant amount of water mixed in with a silicate core, and you knew it had habitable zone-type temperatures, you might make a good case for in-depth studies of that world, because it has what seems like the ingredients for a habitable planet.”

But current techniques for estimating exoplanetary mass are limited. Radial velocity is the main method scientists use: tiny wobbles in a star’s orbit as it is tugged around by the planet’s gravitational force, from which scientists can derive the planet-to-star mass ratio. For very large, Neptune-sized planets, or smaller Earth-sized planets orbiting very close to bright stars, radial velocity works relatively well. But the technique is less successful with smaller planets that orbit much farther from their stars, as Earth does.

Now scientists at MIT have developed a new technique for determining the mass of exoplanets, using only their transit signal — dips in light as a planet passes in front of its star. This data has traditionally been used to determine a planet’s size and atmospheric properties, but the MIT team has found a way to interpret it such that it also reveals the planet’s mass. . . .

Saturday, October 12, 2013

TALOS: Army's 'Ironman Suit' Promises Superhuman Strength, Liquid Body Armor, On-Board Computers | VIDEO


Bookmark and Share

Tactical Assault Light Operator Suit

By Roger Teel
.S. Army Research
5-28-13

      ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, Md. (May 28, 2013) -- Army researchers are responding to a request from the U.S. Special Operations Command for technologies to help develop a revolutionary Tactical Assault Light Operator Suit.

The Tactical Assault Light Operator Suit, or TALOS, is an advanced infantry uniform that promises to provide superhuman strength with greater ballistic protection. Using wide-area networking and on-board computers, operators will have more situational awareness of the action around them and of their own bodies.

The U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command, known as RDECOM, is submitting TALOS proposals in response to the May 15 request.

"There is no one industry that can build it," said SOCOM Senior Enlisted Advisor Command Sgt. Maj. Chris Faris during a panel discussion at a conference at MacDill Air Force Base, Fla., recently, reported Defense Media Network.

The request, currently posted on Federal Business Opportunities, is looking for technology demonstration submissions from research and development organizations, private industry, individuals, government labs and academia to support the command-directed requirement issued by Adm. William McRaven, USSOCOM commander.

"[The] requirement is a comprehensive family of systems in a combat armor suit where we bring together an exoskeleton with innovative armor, displays for power monitoring, health monitoring, and integrating a weapon into that -- a whole bunch of stuff that RDECOM is playing heavily in," said. Lt. Col. Karl Borjes, an RDECOM science advisor assigned to SOCOM.

TALOS will have a physiological subsystem that lies against the skin that is embedded with sensors to monitor core body temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, body position and hydration levels.

Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are currently developing armor made from magnetorheological fluids -- liquid body armor -- that transforms from liquid to solid in milliseconds when a magnetic field or electrical current is applied. Though still in development, this technology will likely be submitted to support TALOS.

"RDECOM cuts across every aspect making up this combat armor suit," Borjes said "It's advanced armor. It's communications, antennas. It's cognitive performance. It's sensors, miniature-type circuits. That's all going to fit in here, too."

SOCOM demonstrations will take placeJuly 8-10, at or near MacDill Air Force Base.

The request asks participants to submit a white paper summary of their technology by May 31, describing how TALOS can be constructed using current and emerging technologies. A limited number of participant white papers will be selected and those selected will demonstrate their technologies.

The initial demonstration goal is to identify technologies that could be integrated into an initial capability within a year. A second goal is to determine if fielding the TALOS within three years is feasible.

U.S. Army science advisors, such as Borjes, are embedded with major units around the world to speed technology solutions to Soldiers' needs. The Field Assistance in Science and Technology program's 30 science advisors, both uniformed officers and Army civilians, provide a link between Soldiers and the RDECOM's thousands of subject matter experts.

RDECOM MISSION

The U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command has the mission to develop technology and engineering solutions for America's Soldiers.

RDECOM is a major subordinate command of the U.S. Army Materiel Command. AMC is the Army's premier provider of materiel readiness -- technology, acquisition support, materiel development, logistics power projection, and sustainment -- to the total force, across the spectrum of joint military operations. If a Soldier shoots it, drives it, flies it, wears it, eats it or communicates with it, AMC provides it.

Thursday, September 12, 2013

Drake Equation for Alien Life Has Been Revised | VIDEO


Bookmark and Share

Exoplanet

The Drake Equation Revisited: Interview with Planet Hunter Sara Seager

By Devin Powell
Astrobiology Magazine / www.space.com
9-4-13


". . . two inhabited planets could reasonably turn up during the next decade"

      Planet hunters keep finding distant worlds that bear a resemblance to Earth. Some of the thousands of exoplanet candidates discovered to date have similar sizes or temperatures. Others possess rocky surfaces and support atmospheres. But no world has yet provided an unambiguous sign of the characteristic that still sets our pale blue dot apart: the presence of life.

That may be about to change, says exoplanet expert Sara Seager of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge. Upcoming NASA missions such as the Transiting Exoplanet Satellite Survey (TESS) and the James Webb Space Telescope, both due to launch around 2018, should be able to find and characterize Earth-like planets orbiting small stars.

Spotting signs of life on those planets will be possible because of progress in detecting not only planets, but their atmospheres as well. When a planet passes in front of its host star, atmospheric gases reveal their presence by absorbing some of the starlight. Oxygen, water vapor or other gases that do not belong on dead worlds could very well provide the first evidence of life elsewhere. . . .

Friday, September 06, 2013

The New Equation for Estimating Alien Life Across the Universe


Bookmark and Share

The New Equation for Estimating Alien Life Across the Universe


By Stuart Clark
www.theguardian.com
9-4-13

      How many other inhabited planets are there? It's a question that fascinates scientists and lay people alike. A new equation may help weigh up the possibility.

Many of us have glanced upwards at the stars and wondered whether there is other life out there somewhere. Few, however, have then tried to write down an equation to express the probability in numbers.

Sara Seager of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has done just that. Her equation collects together all the factors that could determine how many planets with detectable signs of life may be discovered in the coming years.

The factors include the number of stars that will be observed, the fraction of those stars with habitable planets, and the fraction of those planets that can be observed. First presented at a conference earlier this year, the equation is written as N = N*FQFHZFOFLFS. It was published yesterday in the online Astrobiology magazine.

This is not the first time an astronomer has put such thoughts into numbers, as Seager acknowledges. Back in 1961, astronomer Frank Drake gave a lecture about the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. To set the agenda, he wrote down a list of the factors needed to estimate the number of intelligent civilisations in the galaxy. . . .

Thursday, October 04, 2012

New Cloak Promises To Be Invisible To Electrons

Bookmark and Share

New Cloak Promises to be Invisible to Electrons

By Belle Dumé
physicsworld.com
10-2-12

     Physicists in the US have proposed a way to make an "electron cloak" – an object that is invisible to electrons. Inspired by cloaks that hide objects from light or sound waves, the electron cloak would be made of a tiny structure that is about the same size as the wavelength of electrons it is hiding from. Although the design has not yet been tested in the lab, it could be used to make novel electronic devices and perhaps even help develop better thermoelectric materials for improved energy harvesting and conversion.

Researchers have already succeeded in making "invisibility cloaks" that hide objects from electromagnetic waves. Such cloaks are made from "metamaterials", which are artificial structures with special optical properties such as negative indices of refraction. These structures are arranged in such a way that incoming waves flow smoothly around the cloak, meeting up on the other side as if the cloak was not there. The same principle has also been applied to make cloaks that are invisible to sound waves.

Core and shell

Thanks to quantum mechanics, electrons behave like waves, and now new calculations by Gang Chen and colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggest that cloaks for electrons could be made. The researchers have put forward a practical design that would be made of nanoparticles that comprise an inner core and an outer shell. The core–shell nanoparticle could then be embedded in a host semiconductor, so that it does not disturb the flow of electrons. . . .

* Special Thanks To Andrew Ackerley

Tuesday, June 05, 2012

SMART ENERGY NEWS | Ultra-Efficient LED Puts Out More Power Than is Pumped In


Bookmark and Share



By Duncan Geere
www.wired.co.uk
3-9-12
"Experiments directly confirm for the first time that this behaviour continues beyond the conventional limit of unity electrical-to-optical power conversion efficiency."

     MIT physicists have managed to build a light-emitting diode that has an electrical efficiency of more than 100 percent. You may ask, "Wouldn't that mean it breaks the first law of thermodynamics?" The answer, happily, is no.

The LED produces 69 picowatts of light using 30 picowatts of power, giving it an efficiency of 230 percent. That means it operates above "unity efficiency" -- putting it into a category normally occupied by perpetual motion machines.

However, while MIT's diode puts out more than twice as much energy in photons as it's fed in electrons, it doesn't violate the conservation of energy because it appears to draw in heat energy from its surroundings instead. When it gets more than 100 percent electrically-efficient, it begins to cool down, stealing energy from its environment to convert into more photons.

In slightly more detail, the researchers chose an LED with a small band gap, and applied smaller and smaller voltages. Every time the voltage was halved, the electrical power was reduced by a factor of four, but the light power emitted only dropped by a factor of two. The extra energy came instead from lattice vibrations. . . .